1. Crop Production And Management-Additional Questions With Solutions Science Class 8 In English

Additional Questions With Solutions

Ques: Define irrigation.

Ans: The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called irrigation.

Ques: Write the advantages of Manure.

Ans: The advantages of Manure.

1. It enhances the water holding capacity of the soil.
2. it makes the soils porous due to which exchange of gases becomes easy.
3. it improves the texture of the soil.
4. It increases the number of friendly microbes.​

Ques: Write five sources of irrigation.

Ans: The sources of irrigation are – wells, tubewells, ponds, rivers and canals etc.

Ques: Write any four traditional methods of irrigation.

Ans: (i)  moat (ii)  chain pump  (iii)  Dhekli and (iv) Rahat

Ques:  Write the modern method of irrigation.

Ques: Name the modern method of irrigation which is the best technique for watering fruits plants, gardens and trees.

Ans: Drip system.

Ques: What are weeds?

Ans: Many other undesirable plants may grow naturally along with the crops. These undesirable plants are called weeds.

Ques: What is combine? Write its two benefits.

Ans: Combine is a machine which helps for harvesting and threshing.

Benefits of combine: 

(i) It completes work in a very few times

(ii) It saves money and labour.

Que: What is crop rotation?

Ans: Crop rotation is a process in which we sow the different crops in each different season.  Such manner of cropping is called crop rotation.

Que: how do weeds harmful for crops?

Write three disadvantages of weeds.

​Ans: Disadvantages of weeds.

(i) It takes all nutrient, water and light from soil.

(ii) They affect the growth of the crop.

(iii) Weeds interfere even in harvesting and may be poisonous for animals and human beings.

Que: How can the deficient of certain nutrient be avoided in a field.

Ans: The deficient of certain nutrient can be avoided in a field using the following process.

(i) Crop rotation

(ii) Manuring the field

(iii) To leave the field uncultivated (fallow) in between two crops.

Que: What are crops?

Ans: Crops are plants of the same kind grown in large quantities for food.

Que: What is the basis of classification of crops in our country?

Ans: In our country, crops are classified on the basis of the season in which they grow.

Que: What are kharif crops?

Ans: The crops which are sown in the rainy season and harvested in September/October are called kharif crops.

Que: What are summer crops?

Ans: The crops which are grown in the summer season and harvested before rainy season are called summer crops or zayed crops.

Que: Name two summer season crops.

Ans: Moong and muskmelon are summer season crops.

Que: What are rabi crops?

Ans: The crops which are grown in the winter season and harvested in March/April are called rabi crops.

Que: Why paddy cannot be grown in the summer season?

Ans: Paddy requires a lot of water, so it can only be grown during rainy season.

Que: What is meant by agricultural practices?

Ans: The activities undertaken by farmers over a period of time for cultivation of crops are known as agricultural practices.

Que: Write a paragraph in your own words on preparation of soil.

Ans: Soil is prepared by tilling i.e., loosening and turning of soil.

Que: Name the tool used for tilling of soil.

Ans: A plough is used for tilling of soil.

Que: What are crumbs?

Ans: A ploughed field may have big pieces of soil called crumbs.

Que: How are crumbs broken?

Ans: The crumbs are broken with the help of a plank.

Que: Why should loose soil be levelled?

Ans: Loose soil be levelled for sowing and irrigation.

Que: How is levelling of soil done?

Ans: Levelling of soil is done with the help of a leveller.

Que: How is ploughing done these days?

Ans: Now a days ploughing is done by tractor having a multipronged plough.

Que: What is meant by sowing?

Ans: Sowing is the process of putting seeds in the soil.

Que: What is meant by good quality seeds?

Ans: The good quality seeds means clean and healthy seeds of a good variety free from diseases.

Que: What is the advantage of sowing seeds with a seed drill?

Ans: The advantage of sowing seeds with a seed drill is that the seeds are sown at a proper depth under the soil and the distance between them is uniform.

Que: What are manure and fertilisers?

Ans: The substances which are added to the soil in the form of nutrients for the healthy growth of plants are called manure and fertilisers.

Que: What is organic manure?

Ans: Manure obtained from animal or plant waste such as cattle dung, droppings is called organic manure.

Que: What is meant by crop rotation?

Ans: Growing crops alternatively to prevent depletion of any one nutrient from soil is called crop rotation.

Que: What is meant by irrigation?

Ans: The supply of water to crops in the fields at different intervals is called irrigation.

Que: What is the drip system of irrigation?

Ans: Falling of water drop by drop at the roots of the plant is called drip irrigation.

Que: Why should weeds be removed?

Ans: Weeds compete with the crop plants for water, nutrients, space and light and thus affect the growth of the crop. So, they should be removed.

Que: Name the process of removal of weeds.

Ans: Weeding is the process of removal of weeds.

Que: How is harvesting done in our country?

Ans: Harvesting in our country is done either manually by sickle or by a machine called harvester.

Que: Name the farm machine used for harvesting and threshing both.

Ans: Combine.

Que: What is meant by winnowing?

Ans: After threshing, the grain is separated from the chaff, with the help of wind. This is known as winnowing.

Que: How are food grains stored?

Ans: Food grains are dried in the sun to remove the excess moisture and then stored.

Que: Why should grains be dried before storage?

Ans: Grains should be dried before storage to remove the excess moisture in them, so that microbes are not able to attack the grains.

Que: What is meant by animal husbandry?

Ans: The study of the care of animals is known as animal husbandry.

Que: Name some animals from whom milk can be obtained.

Ans: Milk can be obtained from cow, buffalo, she goat and she camel.

Que: How is fish useful for us?

Ans: Fish is highly nutritious and easily digestible food. Cod liver oil from fish is also a rich source of vitamin D.

Que: Name some animals which are reared for their meat.

Ans: Sheep, goat, pigs, chicken and fish are reared for their meat.

Que: Why is honey so useful?

Ans: Honey is an antiseptic and its enzymes help in digestion. It is also used for making several ayurvedic medicines.